Eczema is a common skin condition that affects both children and adults. It often appears as dry, itchy, inflamed skin and can range from mild irritation to severe discomfort. While eczema is not contagious, it can be persistent and emotionally draining. The good news is that with the right care, it can be managed effectively.
- Understand your triggers
One of the most important steps in treating eczema is identifying what makes it worse. Triggers differ from person to person but commonly include harsh soaps, detergents, dust stress, sweat, certain fabrics and changes in weather. Keeping a simple diary of flare periods can help you notice patterns and avoid known irritants.
- Moisturise consistently
Dry skin worsens eczema, so keeping the skin well hydrated is essential. Use a rich fragrance-free moisturiser at least twice daily, especially after bathing. Creams and ointments tend to be more effective than lotions because they lock in moisture for longer. Apply gently rather than rubbing to avoid further irritation.
- Choose gentle skincare products
Many everyday skincare products can aggravate eczema. Opt for mild soap-free cleansers and avoid products with strong fragrances or alcohol. When washing clothes, choose non-biological detergents and rinse thoroughly to remove residue that may irritate the skin.
- Bathe smartly
Short lukewarm baths or showers are better than long hot ones, which can strip the skin of natural oils. Adding an emollient bath additive may help soothe irritation. After bathing pat the skin dry with a soft towel and apply moisturiser immediately while the skin is still slightly damp.
- Use prescribed treatments correctly
For moderate to severe eczema, a doctor may prescribe topical treatments such as steroid creams or non-steroid alternatives. These reduce inflammation and itching when used as directed. It is important to follow medical advice carefully and not overuse these treatments without guidance.
- Manage itching carefully
Scratching may bring temporary relief, but it often worsens eczema and can lead to broken skin or infection. Keeping nails short, wearing soft cotton clothing and using cold compresses can help reduce the urge to scratch. For children, wearing cotton gloves at night may also help.
- Look after your overall health
Stress and fatigue can make eczema worse. Getting enough sleep, staying hydrated, eating a balanced diet and finding ways to manage stress can all support healthier skin. Some people find gentle exercise or relaxation techniques helpful.
When to seek medical advice
If eczema is painful, infected or not improving with basic care, it is important to see a healthcare professional. They can assess the condition and recommend stronger treatments or refer you to a specialist if needed.
Living well with eczema
While eczema has no permanent cure, many people learn to manage it successfully over time. Understanding your skin and being consistent with care and seeking help when needed can make a significant difference. With patience and the right approach, eczema does not have to control your life.