When people think of countries, vast populations and sprawling cities often come to mind. Yet, scattered across the globe are nations so small that their entire population could fit into a modest town. These countries may be tiny in number, but many of them hold outsized cultural, political and historical significance. Here are some of the smallest countries in the world by population.
Vatican City
Vatican City is the smallest country in the world by population, with fewer than one thousand residents. Nestled within the city of Rome, it is the spiritual centre of the Roman Catholic Church and the residence of the Pope. Most inhabitants are clergy, members of religious orders and Swiss Guards. Despite its size, Vatican City wields global influence through religion, diplomacy and culture.
Monaco
Monaco, a sovereign city-state on the French Riviera, has a population of just under forty thousand people. Known for its luxury lifestyle, casinos and the famous Monaco Grand Prix, it attracts visitors from around the world. The country has one of the highest population densities globally, yet maintains a reputation for exclusivity and wealth.
Nauru
Nauru is a small island nation in the Pacific Ocean with a population of about twelve thousand people. Once prosperous due to phosphate mining, the country has faced economic and environmental challenges in recent decades. Nauru has no official capital, making it unique among sovereign states.
Tuvalu
Tuvalu is another Pacific island nation with a population of roughly eleven thousand. It consists of nine coral islands and is one of the most remote countries in the world. Tuvalu is particularly vulnerable to climate change, as rising sea levels threaten its low-lying land and long-term survival.
San Marino
Surrounded by Italy, San Marino is one of the world’s oldest republics and has a population of around thirty-four thousand. Founded in the early fourth century, it boasts a rich history and medieval architecture. Tourism plays a key role in its economy, with visitors drawn to its hilltop views and historic charm.
Liechtenstein
Liechtenstein is a small, landlocked country located between Switzerland and Austria. It has a population of about thirty-nine thousand people. Despite its size, Liechtenstein enjoys a strong economy, driven by manufacturing, finance and a favourable business environment.
Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands, located in the central Pacific Ocean, have a population of just under sixty thousand. The country comprises numerous atolls and islands spread across a vast area of ocean. It maintains close political ties with the United States and faces ongoing challenges related to climate change and nuclear testing legacies.